A Review Paper on Power Consumption Improvements in WSN

Wireless Sensor network (WSN) is a network of low-cost, low-power, multifunctional, small size sensor nodes which are densely deployed inside a physical environment to collect, process and transmit the information to sink node. As Sensor nodes are generally battery-powered, it is necessary to balance between power consumption and energy storage capacity to sustain sensor node's operational life. Therefore one of the important challenge in WSN is to improve power consumption efficiently to prolong network lifetime by minimizing the amount of data transmissions throughout the network and maximizing node's low power residence time. In this paper, two energy optimization techniques, Cluster-Based energy efficient routing (CBER) scheme and extension to IEEE 802.15.4 standard by dynamic rate adaption and control for energy reduction (DRACER) protocol for wireless sensor networks has been reviewed. CBER technique increases network lifetime by reducing Hot Spot problem and end-to-end energy consumption using multi-hop wireless routing whereas DRACER protocol reduces network latency and average power consumption by minimizing network overhead using automatic data rate selection process. So, both of these techniques, if utilized in combination, it is possible to achieve very high energy efficiency in WSN.